Gum Bahadur was
a soldier in the Gurkha Regiment posted in Amritsar, Punjab. Six days of the
week he would either be quelling the protesting locals termed rebels by the Gora
masters or doing early morning rigourous training in the army camp. However, whenever
he would get a chance, Gum ,on Sundays, would go across to the Golden Temple.
There was something good about the place that gave him inner peace – was it the
shabad kirtan playing or the sight of
the Granth Sahib or was it the taste of the kada
parshaad which brought a smile to his face. He gave himself another luxury
of going to Kallu’s Dhaba and gorging on the Amritsari Kulcha with chhole. One
day, while enjoying his kulcha, he saw a toddler, not more than three or four
years old, who came running to him. “Uncle
yeh bandook kya asli hai?” Gum smiled at the little one and holding his
.303 Lee-Enfield gun tight, “Hain asli hai.”
The mother, who was seated at the table nearby wearing a white shalwaar kameez , came across and pulled
the boy away ,despite his loud protests, back to her table. Gum looked up at
the mother and was stunned….she looked beautiful with round eyes, sharp nose,
fair complexion and a tall figure…everything seemed right about her. Gum tried
hard to look away but the more he tried, the more he would sneak a look at the
woman.
Gum now had
another reason to come out on Sundays as he found the mother and child also
coming there around the same time. Slowly, Gum became friendly with Jagga who
was now allowed to hold the gun; of course Gum had to support him as well. The
mother would let Jagga be around the soldier. Gum was a fierce soldier and
death was never something he feared but for once he was afraid, what if some day
the mother and son wouldn’t turn up or what if the woman were to take offence at
his looking at her and smiling? One day Gum found a courage of which he knew
not and went straight and sat at the table where Jagga and his mother were
eating their puri sabzi and lassi. The woman looked up in surprise
but followed up with a gentle smile. Gum didn’t know how to react and being trained
in the best military tradition his right hand went up in salute…..he soon
realised his folly but the young mother laughed aloud.
Santokh Kaur was
born and brought up in Gurdaspur but after marrying Dalbir Singh she had moved
to Amritsar. Dalbir was a nationalist and was completely involved in the
movement against the foreign rulers. About four years ago Jagga was born to
them and three years after that Dalbir went missing. No one knew where. Some
said he had been killed, some said he had gone into hiding and others said he
had been imprisoned and sent to Andamans to serve at Kala Pani. Santokh never
understood the freedom movement and the so called patriots and revolutionaries.
To her, ensuring that she and her son got their two square meals a day and a
shelter over their heads was enough. This wasn’t too difficult as Dalbir
belonged to a well-to-do family which ensured that Santokh and Jagga were
reasonably well taken care of. After a
while, waiting for Dalbir’s return, Santokh had reluctantly reconciled to the
possible reality of life and started wearing whites despite protests from the
husband’s family. She would assist in
the family kitchen and give a lot of time and attention to Jagga. Soon her life
revolved around him and whatever he wanted, she would try and do it for him.
She found Gum a
gentle soul and someone who showed her respect and more than that she felt
something good in his presence. Although
he never said anything, Santokh too, like Gum, always looked forward to Sunday
afternoons at Kallu’s Dhaba. Their conversations were very limited for she
spoke chaste Punjabi and Gum’s Hindi had a strange accent which amused others
listening to him at the Dhaba but not Santokh. They managed that small window
of about thirty minutes, always were pained when the time arrived to part but
looked forward to the calendar pages.
Baisakhi was
approaching. It was the most colourful festival of Punjab. Gum knew about it
and had saved a part of his meagre salary. He had gone to the market place and
bought a colourful chunni- it was bright and beautiful. He had also bought a
toy gun for Jagga. On the Sunday before the Sikh New Year, Gum handed over the
packet to Santokh and said, “I know you wear white but I dream of you in colours.
Wear it to the Baisakhi mela and I will be happy even if I can’t see you.” From
where had the soldier found such courage mystified the speaker but he had done
it and she just took it from him, opened it and silently sat down without an
expression. She knew she would not be able to even though her heart wanted not
to wait but do it right now. He returned to the barracks happy, she
returned home puzzled but happy. It had been long since someone showed so much
love. She couldn’t remember when last anyone had presented her with a gift. When
all had gone to sleep, she closed the door of her room, lit the hurricane
lamp, took out the packet from underneath the mattress of the bed, spread it
over her head and looked into the small mirror and smiled. For long she had
forgotten how beautiful she looked. The smile gave way to a giggle but then she
quickly folded the chunni back and hid it away as she put out the light. A
confused Santokh couldn’t sleep that night.
On the 12th
of April 1919, the commanding officer of the barracks called all the troops. It
took the Gurkha Regiment no more than five minutes to be ready, guns and
khukris shining with crisp khakhi uniforms. Colonel Dyer was the commanding
officer and everyone feared that man. He
had a temper beyond words and the smallest of provocation was enough for him to
punish the soldiers mercilessly. His hatred for the Indians was known to all.
The commander roared, “The bloody Indians must be taught a lesson. They have
been protesting everywhere, some peacefully and others have taken to arms. To
me it doesn’t matter. Anyone who holds his head high against the British
Government is a rebel and a terrorist and I shall not permit anyone to do it in
my territory. Recently a mob had dishonoured an English missionary lady and I
want to teach them a lesson. Tomorrow, at the park near the Golden Temple, as
they gather to celebrate their festival, we shall teach them a lesson that will
ensure no one takes us lightly, we shall crush their spirits and ensure our
rule forever.”
It was a master
stroke by Colonel Dyer. Even though Punjab had larger regiments but they had
Sikhs there and he wasn’t sure of their loyalties in the brutal operation he
was planning to execute the next day. Only the fiercest and the most loyal of
His Majesty’s troops, the Gurkha Regiment would do and die and not reason why.
As the soldiers retired to their beds, Gum was a worried man. Tomorrow Santokh
and Jagga would be going to the very park where Dyer had planned a massacre. At
night, Gum tried to sneak out of the barracks and make his way to the place
where Santokh lived but such things only happened in fairy tales and not in
real life.
Next morning
ninety troops of the Gurkha regiment got ready in their battle fatigues. Fifty
of them carried .303 Lee-Enfield guns and forty had a bare khukri in their
hands. They walked in unison behind a motorized machine gun. As they came to
the entrance of the park, Colonel Dyer realized that the motorized machine gun
could not enter. So it was kept outside and the Gurkha troops were ordered to
march in a single file. As Gum entered the Jallianwala Bagh, he saw a huge
crowd inside but his eyes were looking for the red and gold chunni. He could
see not one but many women all of whom were brightly dressed and many adorned
the red and gold colours. Gum’s heart sank….is Santokh here…she said she would
come with Jagga here. “God help them…Please save them”, he prayed as his eyes
looked from right to left and left to right.
“Soldiers
Attention! Take positions in two files. One standing and one on their knees.
When I say Fire, fire till all the bullets you have finish. Show no mercy to
the rebels.” Gum knew the Gurkha Code of Honour. Never to question but act as
commanded and that is why his people were always considered the epitome of
loyalty and integrity. As he knelt down and raised his .303 Lee-Enfield to take
aim, he felt heavy in his heart. How could he kill his Santokh? How could he
fire at little Jagga, one who played with his gun every Sunday? As the fight
within him reached a peak, he heard Colonel Dyer roar, “FIRE!”
On an unarmed
crowd of 15000, about 1650 rounds of bullets were fired. Official records show
about 400 killed and a 1000 wounded but honestly no bullet could have missed
its mark. Surrounded by walls, the hapless crowd had nowhere to go. The Gurkhas
kept firing and bodies fell one atop other. Gum saw women and children jumping
into a lone well in the park. He saw one woman with red and gold dupatta
jumping and he prayed she were Santokh…his Santo. As the bullets exhausted,
a satisfied Dyer examined his victory by thumping his chest and then commanding
the troops to return to the barracks in an orderly fashion as the wounded lay
unattended.
The Lieutenant
General of Punjab, Michael O’Dwyer wrote in a telegram to Colonel Dyer, “Your
action is correct. Lieutenant Governor approves.” Far away in Calcutta,
Rabindranath Tagore received the news and wrote to the Viceroy, Lord Chelmsford
,as he gave up his Knighthood, “I…wish to
stand, shorn, of all special distinctions, by the side of those of my
countrymen….the time has come when badges of honour make our shame glaring in
the incongruous context of humiliation.”
A month later in
the army barracks in Amritsar a court martial proceeding was going on.
“Gum Bahadur you
are charged with treason against His Majesty’s Government for not firing a
single shot even when commanded by Colonel Dyer. Do you accept the charge or
have anything to say?”
“Yes Sir, I
admit I did not fire on 13th April 1919, not for showing disrespect
to my Commander but because my gun was not working. It had got jammed. I tried
hard to make it work but failed.”
Colonel Dyer who
was standing in the court room stepped forward and asked Gum, “ Check this gun.
Is this yours?”
Gum held the gun
and he knew it was his. How much he took care of the gun, polished it, greased
it…it was his pride. It was his earlier actions that had promoted him from a
mere khukri wielding Gurkha to a gun. He always felt a sense of pride when he
held his gun in his hand. “Yes Sir. This is my gun.”
“And you are
saying it was not working on that day? It was jammed!”
Dyer held the
gun to Gum’s temple, unlocked the gun and pressed the trigger…..Booom!!
Gum fell down as
blood rushed out.
Dyer threw down
the gun and said, “I rest my case. The famed British justice is delivered.”
SS